7. A 99.99% destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) for each principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the waste feed where:
DRE = [(Win – Wout)/Win]*100
2. If the minimum combustion temperatures aren’t maintained.
Arsenic As
Barium Ba
5. All the emission to the air apart from steam or water vapour has to be odourless and free of mist, fume and droplets.
6. The Authority may require that the certificate holder have tests carried out by an accredited institution to determine stack and/or ground level concentrations of the following substances.
Cadmium and compounds as Cd
21 – OM
Where: Es = Calculated emission concentration in the standard percentage oxygen concentration
Wout = mass emission rate of POHC from the stack before the release to the air.
8. The average dioxin and furan concentration in the emissions should not exceed 80ng/m3 total dioxins and furans if measured for a period of 6 to 16 hours.
Note:
2. Be fitted with secondary burner/s burning gas or low sulphur liquid gas or some other acceptable fuel.
3. Ensure secondary air supply is controlled efficiently.
4. The incinerator must not be overcharged.
6. Ensure the gas temperature as measured against the inner wall at the secondary room & not in the flame zone, is less than 1100oC. Ensure the oxygen content of the emitted gases is less than 11%.
Manganese Mn
A solid particulate meter/recorder
3. The incinerator has to be preheated to working temperature before charging any waste.
Percent CO2 + CO
2. The secondary chamber gas residence time shall be at least 1 (one) second at 1050 ± 50o C, with 3% Oxygen in the stack gas.
4 Opacity of the smoke must not exceed 20% Viewed from 50 meters with naked eyes
6 Chimney / Stack 1. The chimney should have a minimum height of 10 meters above ground level and clear the maximum point of the building by not less than 3 meters for all roofs. The topography and height of adjacent buildings within 50 meters radius ought to be taken into consideration.
2. If possible the chimney needs to be visible to the operator from the feeding area.
3. Whenever the previous charge hasn’t been fully combusted in the case of batch feeding. Until such time as the addition of more waste won’t cause the layout parameters of the incinerator to be surpassed.
3 Main Combustion Chamber The main combustion chamber must:
1. Be accepted as the main combustion zone.
The Combustion efficiency is computed as follows;
C.E=% CO2 x 100
Thallium Tl
Chromium Cr
Tin Sn
Mercury Hg
Hydrochloric HCL
Any other instrument or measurement that may be considered necessary
8 Location / Siting 1. Must be sited in accordance with the relevant local municipal authority planning scheme, the topography of the Region and be compatible with premises in the area,
2. Has to be placed in a suitably ventilated room. Combustion efficiency:
Combustion efficiency (CE) shall be at least 99.00%
Nickel Ni
4. Have fly ash containerization and storage before disposal.
12 Health & Safety (Protective Gear) 1. Staff handling waste must be well trained on safe handling of hazardous wastes
2 Feeding And Charging Controlled hygienic, mechanical or automatic feeding methods have to be used which won’t influence the air temperature in the primary and secondary chambers of the incinerator negatively.
No waste is to be fed into the incinerator:
1. Until the minimum temperatures have been reached.
All pollutant concentrations must be expressed at Oo C and 1.013 x 10 5 N/m2, dry gas and 11% oxygen correction.
Oxygen correction is computed as:
Es = 21 — Os x EM
Silver Ag
OM = measured oxygen concentration
10 Operation 1. Materials destined for incineration should be of known origin and makeup and must be only incinerated in a furnace that’s registered for the specific type of waste.
2. A record must be kept of the amount, type and origin of the waste to be incinerated.
3. The addition of dilution air after combustion in order to reach the requirement of these guidelines is unacceptable. The minimum exit velocity should be 10 m/s and at least twice the surrounding wind speed (Efflux velocity = wind speed x 2) whichever is greater to make sure no down washing of exiting gases.
5. Point for the measurement of emissions shall be provided.
7 Instrumentation Instrument for determining the interior wall temperature rather than burner flame temperature has to be provided for both primary and secondary chambers.
2. An audible and visible alarm must be set up to warn the operator when the secondary temperature drops to below the required temperature.
3. In addition to the above the following instruments may also be required.
4. Fire fighting equipment must be provided
5. The incinerator must be in good working order at all times and must not be used if any part fails. Any malfunction ought to be recorded in a log book and reported to the relevant authority.
6. The incinerator operator and all relevant personnel must be trained to the satisfaction of the relevant control authority.
11 Housekeeping The site where the incinerator is built must:
1. Have running water.
Where: Win = mass feed rate of the POHC from the waste stream fed to incinerator, and
Antimony Sb
4. Ensure minimum exit temperature is not less than 850oC
4 Secondary Combustion Chamber (Afterburner). The secondary combustion chamber must:
1.
Fabric filters
A smoke density meter/recorder
Acid Gas Scrubbers
3. Have light if 24hrs operation
Vanadium V
Beryllium Be
1 Basic Plant Design An approved plant has to have four different sections that demonstrate three principles of Turbulence, Residence Time and Temperature are inbuilt in the plant layout .The regulated segments may include but not limited to:
Overall plant layout.
4. Make sure fire contact with gases is achieved.
Electrostatic precipitators
Cobalt Co
5. Ensure residence time isn’t less than two (2) seconds.
Os = Standard oxygen concentration
Primary Combustion Chamber.
5. There should be no smoking or eating on the site.
3. Caution and Warning signs must be provided.
Hydrofluoric acid HF
Lead Pb
A carbon monoxide and/or oxygen meter/recorder
EM = Measured emission concentration
2. Have a good floor.
8. Ensure both main and the combustion temperatures are maintained until all waste was fully combusted
5 Particulate Removers A mechanical particulate collector has to be incorporated after secondary combustion chamber for removal of particulate pollutants entrained in the flue gas stream. The particulate collectors may include any of the following or a combination thereof:
Cyclone separator
2. Be equipped with a burner/s burning gas/fuel or low sulphur liquid fuels. Other combustion methods will be judged on merits.
3. Ensure main air supply is controlled efficiently
6. The incinerator operator and all relevant staff must be trained to the satisfaction of the relevant control authority.
11 Housekeeping The site where the incinerator is built must:
1. Have running water.
2. Have a solid floor.
3. Have lighting if 24hrs operation
4. Have fly ash containerization and storage before disposal.
12 Health & Safety (Protective Gear) 1. Staff handling waste must be well trained on safe handling of hazardous wastes
2. Staff must be provided with appropriate protective gear such as, gas mask, aprons, gumboots, helmets, gloves, goggles.
3. Caution and Warning signs must be provided.
4. Fire fighting equipment must be provided
5. There should be no smoking or eating on the site.
